This survey-based study aimed to explore the native as well as exotic medicinal plants of Canavieira and São Gonçalo do Gurguéia regions of Brazil. Various places including Floriano, Guadalupe, Gurguéia, Canto do Buriti, Canavieira, Monastery of the Catholic Church, etc. Both wild and cultivated plants have been surveyed to collect information on their medicinal and commercial applications. Various well-known medicinal plants including Phyllanthus amarus, Cymbopogon citratus, Lippia alba, Cassia fistula and Corchorus olitorius were recorded in this region. Many plants suitable for large-scale cultivation were also documented during this survey.