The Indian Himalayan region has been recognized as one of the best habitats for medicinal plants. Around 400 species of medicinal plant Artemisia are distributed throughout temperate regions of the world. These species are used as traditional medicines by indigenous cultures and many show biological activities including antimalarial, cytotoxic, antihepatotoxic, antibacterial, antifungal and antioxidant activities. The present study highlights the ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry and biological activities of different eleven species of Artemisia along various Himalayan States. This study recommends that it is an urgent need to implement appropriate strategies for the conservation and management of different valuable species of Artemisia in these Himalayan states for the purpose of enhancement of livelihood security, alternative employment opportunities and sustainable development.